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1. What percentage of the universe is made of normal (visible) matter?
2. Approximately what percentage of the universe is dark matter?
3. What is dark matter?
- A type of black hole
- Invisible matter that exerts gravitational pull but doesn’t emit light
- Highly compressed normal matter
- A form of electromagnetic radiation
4. Dark matter is called “dark” because it:
- Absorbs all light
- Does not emit, reflect, or interact with light
- Exists only in black holes
- Is made of dark-colored particles
5. Which of these best describes dark energy?
- A type of galaxy
- A mysterious force making the universe expand faster
- Another name for black holes
- The center of the Milky Way
6. Which telescope provided key evidence for dark energy?
- Chandra X-ray Observatory
- Hubble Space Telescope (via supernova observations)
- Spitzer Space Telescope
- Kepler Space Telescope
7. The cosmological constant (Λ) in Einstein’s equations is now associated with:
- Dark matter
- Dark energy
- Quantum fluctuations
- Cosmic inflation
8. The “Hubble Tension” refers to disagreements about:
- Galaxy formation times
- The universe’s expansion rate
- Dark matter distribution
- Black hole mergers
9. Which phenomenon does NOT support dark matter’s existence?
- Galaxy rotation curves
- Gravitational lensing
- Pioneer anomaly
- Cosmic microwave background patterns
10. Approximately what percentage of the universe is dark energy?
